Smoking Major Cause of TB Death

Pak Tribune

August 16, 2007

Pakistan

News- Smoking Major Cause of TB Death

ISLAMABAD:Smoking is to blame for half the tuberculosis deaths among men, according to new research published on Friday, highlighting a neglected link between tobacco and the killer lung disease.

Most big studies into smoking and health until now have been conducted in developed countries where tuberculosis (TB) has been uncommon for more than half a century.

As a result, the connection with TB -- which is still endemic across much of Asia and Africa -- has been greatly underestimated, according to the authors of the first major study on how smoking causes death in India.

"This is something that causes at least a few hundred thousand deaths a year worldwide...but the relationship had been forgotten and ignored," says Richard Peto of the University of Oxford, co-author of the study.

The study also predicted the number of men dying from smoking related illnesses in India could double to more than a million a year by 2025.

Three quarters of male Indian smokers who become ill with TB would not have done so if they had not smoked, Peto and colleagues said in a paper published in medical journal The Lancet.
Their findings suggest that in some parts of the world the main way smoking kills is not via cancer and heart disease, but by damaging the lung's defenses against chronic TB infection.

About a billion people worldwide are carrying live TB infection in their lungs, but if they do not smoke then most will never become seriously ill. Smoking increases the danger that any infection will get out of control and cause clinical TB, which can kill and spreads easily to other people.

TB causes about 1.6 million deaths worldwide each year, including more than a million in Asia and 400,000 in Africa. India has more TB deaths than any other country.

The study by the Epidemiological Research Center in Madras, India -- with funding from the UK Medical Research Council and Cancer Research UK -- compared the smoking habits of 43,000 men who had died of various diseases in the late 1990s with the habits of 35,000 living men.
It found that smokers were about four times as likely to become ill with TB as non-smokers, and consequently four times as likely to die from the disease.

Vendhan Gajalakshmi of the Epidemiological Research Center, who led the research, estimates almost 200,000 Indians die each year from TB because of smoking -- half of them are still only in their 30s, 40s or early 50s.

Smokers of both Western-style cigarettes and "bidis" -- thin Indian cigarettes containing small amounts of tobacco wrapped in a greenish-brown leaf -- are similarly at risk.

Overall, smoking currently causes some 700,000 deaths a year in India, 550,000 among men aged 25-69. The number of deaths could double by 2025 if current smoking patterns persist, the authors conclude.

online available at- http://paktribune.com/news/index.shtml?187131

Tobacco Act may trip on skulls

Times of India

August 17, 2007

Mumbai

News- Tobacco Act may trip on skulls

The amendment to dilute the tobacco control law has been dealt a severe blow with the findings of a recent study by the Healis-Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health. The skull and bones symbol, an integral part of tobacco advertising, was termed to hurt religious sentiments by the central government and certain amendments in the Tobacco Act were proposed.

However, a house-to-house survey in 16 different localities has noted that the symbol does not hurt religious sensibilities. The survey was conducted by the Healis-Sekhsaria Institute located in CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai. Cabinet minister, Pranab Mukharjee, had recently said that the skull and bones symbol should not be used on tobacco product packages because it hurt religious sensibilities, even though such a symbol is required under the Cigerette and Other Tobacco Products Act passed by the Parliament in 2003.

The rules governing the display of skull and bones and pictorial warnings were notified on July 5, 2006. Because of this assertion, it was proposed that the Act should be amended by the Parliament. However, the study has shown that the two largest religions in India would not be hurt with the sign of the skull and crossbones if and when put on tobacco products. When asked the question, If you see this sign (the bone and skull symbol), placed on a tobacco products to indicate the risk associated with that products use, would it affect your religious sensibilities, 89% respondents replied no, with 9% undecided.

The survey was designed to have similar representation of the two largest religious groups in India, and the responses were virtually identical in the two religious communities. In response to another question, If you see this sign on a product, what does it tell you?, close to 87% responded said that it showed the product is dangerous to use, while 12% did not understand the symbol. Similar questions on the use of a picture of a dead body on tobacco product elicited the response no on religious sensibilities from 68% and not sure from 13% of respondents.

In a separate study conducted among cancer patients attending the city-based Tata Memorial Hospital, all patients replied that if the symbol skull and crossbones was there on the tobacco products, they would have understood the risk to health associated with the use of the products much better. Reading a mere warning that this product is injurious to health they thought, its use might cause an ulcer or boil at the most, but in no way a life threatening disease.

The rules for the pictorial package warning portion of the the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act, 2003, along with pictures like a cancer patient and a dead body were notified on July 5, 2006 and were to come into effect on February 1, 2007. Because of numerous representations from the tobacco industry, the date was extended to June 1, 2007. However, further pressure from the industry persuaded Cabinet members to send the law to Parliament for an amendment to remove the skull and bones, on the basis that it hurt religious sentiments, which the survey did not find.

online available at- http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Business/India_Business/Tobacco_Act_may_trip_on_skulls/articleshow/2286424.cms

Exclusive Breastfeeding is important for six months

Op-ed on Breastfeeding published in Swatantra Bharat.

August 7, 2007

Exclusive Breastfeeding for Six Months is Important

Op-ed on World Breastfeeding Week Published in Voice of Lucknow.

August 5, 2007

Japani Encephalities

Op-ed on Prevention and Cure on Japani Encephalities, Published in Swatantra Bharat.

August 14, 2007

'Female Farmer and their Helath'

See the indepth op-ed on 'Female Farmer and their Helath' published in Swatantra Bharat.

August 14, 2007

Gory images on cigarette packets

Times of india

August 24, New Delhi

News- Gory images on cigarette packets

NEW DELHI: Gory images of cancerous tumours, rotting teeth and diseased throats on cigarette packets will become mandatory from December. According to a Shimla High Court directive, the pictorial warnings will have to be in place by October.

But the Union health ministry will soon move court to ask for a two-month extension as it will move a bill in Parliament on August 17 to amend Section 7(1) of the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulation of Trade and Commerce, Production, Supply and Distribution) Act, which calls for a compulsory skull and crossbones warning on cigarette packets.

But political pressure recently made the cabinet pass a legislation making the skull and bones sign optional. The specified health warnings at present are the skull and bones sign, a health warning that says tobacco kills/smoking kills, gory images portraying the ill-effects of tobacco use and a health message. Speaking to TOI, health secretary Naresh Dayal said, "Some sections had problems with two of the warnings - the image of a dead body and the skull and bones sign. We will replace the image of a dead body. But because the skull and bones warning is specified in the Anti-Tobacco Act, we are moving a bill in Parliament to amend it." He added, "When passed, we will notify the tobacco industry, who will need some time to come out with the new labels. October, therefore, will be too close.

That's why we will move the Shimla High Court and ask for a two-month extension. The new labels will be made mandatory from December." Anybody who produces or manufactures cigarettes or tobacco products without the specified warning will face imprisonment of up to two years or be fined Rs 5,000 or both.

If the offence is committed for the second time, the imprisonment will be extended to five years with a fine of Rs 10,000. Anybody selling or distributing cigarettes or tobacco products without the specified warning will face imprisonment of up to one year or a fine of Rs 1,000 or both, and for the second or subsequent conviction, the imprisonment may extend to two years with a fine of Rs 3,000.

The new labels was initially planned for February which was postponed to June.

online available at-

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Gory_images_on_cigarette_packets/articleshow/2278867.cms

Light my fire

Times of India

August 4, 2007

News- Light my fire

Smoke breaks are now seen as fun with the possibility of some flirting
THE government's plan to ban smoking in workplaces may have upset many smokers. But now they are looking at the brighter side - like the Irish, who first discovered the perks of going elsewhere to smoke when ciggy bans first came into effect in the country in 2004.

Smoke breaks are now seen as fun with the possibility of some flirting. They call it 'smirting.' According to wikipedia, smirting describes the social pastime of people flirting outside public places such as pubs, cafés and restaurants, where smoking is illegal. The term for the activity is a portmanteau of the words smoking and flirting. Make-up artist Ambika Pillai, who often travels abroad for ramp shows, says bonding over a smoke is similar to bonding over a drink at a pub.

"It happens when people are standing on a pavement asking for a light. Smokers get together at an airport or outside a club and conversations just start," she says. Model Bunty Grewal agrees that "smokers forced to puff in designated spaces find a bond." When smokers come together on a pavement, landing or smoking area, there are those five minutes of awkward silence to fill. Smirting is the answer to an exiled smoker's prayers, says ad man Rishi Singh.

"It happens a lot in corporate offices. In India, most women don't like men smoking, but I've made passes at many women smokers. We call it the 'smoke trick' . You ask a woman out for a smoke and share drags with them and then get talking," he confesses . "But it's important that you have lozenges handy and make sure you don't stink of tobacco," he says. Software engineer, Rachel D'souza says smokers have their own methods of selecting a partner.

"My boyfriend smokes and he says it's really cool to see a woman smoke. The good thing about being around smokers is that they judge you for who you are, while non-smokers disapprove ," she says. WHY THEY BOND Says psychologist Sujendra Prakash, "The reason smokers bond is, first, the guilt they carry that they are doing something different from others. And secondly, the social stigma attached to smokers. So they prefer being in each other's company. They build a group affinity because it gives them security, solidarity and a sense of belonging."

online available at - http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/City_Supplements/Bangalore_Times/Light_my_fire_/articleshow/2253866.cms

Smoke it out

Times of India

August 3, 2007


News- Smoke it out

The Union government strictly controls the cultivation of poppy, limiting it to production required for pharmaceutical use such as morphine and codeine. This is because the recreational product from poppy, heroin, is habit-forming and can wreck the mental and physical health of the addict.

It is, therefore, surprising that tobacco, whose products are equally habit-forming and internationally condemned for causing cancer, is freely cultivated in India. Tobacco receives government support in the form of research inputs to enhance farm productivity and subsidies for export. Tobacco was introduced by the Portuguese to India some 400 years ago. Today, India is among the top three producers in the world of this killer weed, turning out around 700 million kg annually from 40 million hectares.

Tobacco causes over 20 categories of fatal and disabling diseases, especially cancer. Sixty-five per cent of all men and 33 per cent of all women in India use tobacco in some form. According to a report in the Indian Journal of Community Medicine, nearly half the cancer cases in India are tobacco-related. Oral cancer is a major public health problem in our country and has long been linked with the habit of chewing betel laced with tobacco.

As many as 8,00,000 Indians succumb every year to tobacco-related illnesses and most of them die before they have reached 40 years of age. WHO has projected that by 2020 tobacco will account for 13 per cent of all deaths in India.

The tax structure in India is skewed towards making tobacco products more affordable. Taxes levied on cigarettes are 30 times that imposed on bidis and chewing tobacco. Poorer people in India, particularly in rural areas, take to bidis and chewing tobacco. Bidi smokers have a 40 per cent higher risk of developing cancer than cigarette smokers. However, 38 per cent of tobacco in India is consumed as bidis, 48 per cent as chewing tobacco, and only 14 per cent as cigarettes. Considering the above, one would expect that the government would take steps to curb and eventually eliminate the cultivation of tobacco and production of tobacco products, instead of imposing cosmetic restrictions like banning the depiction of smoking in movies or depicting skull and crossbones on cigarette packs.

The government is not interested in striking at the roots of the tobacco menace because of vote-bank politics. The tobacco industry employs nearly 35 million people in the country including six million farmers, 20 million farm workers, 4.4 million bidi-making workers, 2.2 million tribals engaged in gathering tendu leaves (which go into bidi covers) and two million traders/retailers. The government can, perhaps, forgo the Rs 6,000 crore annual tax revenue from tobacco products but it would be hard put to withstand the wrath of the millions thrown out of work in case cultivation of tobacco is banned.

What about alternatives to tobacco for farmers? According to the findings of the Central Tobacco Research Institute, there are virtually no crops that match tobacco's levels of remuneration in relevant regions. In southern Andhra Pradesh, chillies come a poor second. In Karnataka, Gujarat, Bihar and West Bengal, cotton, pearl millet, maize and potato, respectively, are nowhere near tobacco in terms of earnings. Does this imply that we will have to live with the menace of tobacco and sacrifice a million or so lives a year so that 35 million can eke out a living? Not if tobacco farmers are made to take up alternative crops and the government makes up part of the difference in earnings through a subsidy.

As for bidi rollers, perhaps they can be trained to make other products from tendu leaves, such as plates and cups which can be environmentally superior alternatives to plastic products. Large consumers like the Railways, defence forces, marriage contractors can be induced to purchase these products in bulk from bidi-roller cooperatives. This will also keep intact the tendu-gathering income of tribals. All this will cost governments in the Centre and states far less than the price of medical treatment of tobacco victims

online available at - http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Editorial/Smoke_it_out/articleshow/2251745.cms

Stubbed out for life?

The Times of India

July 31, 2007


News- Stubbed out for life?

The impending non-smoking ban by the government in public is ready to kick some butt! In the wake of London banning smoking in public on July 1, Indian Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare Anbumani Ramadoss wants to make India a tobacco-free nation too.

Smoking kills, but no smoking is killing smoke addicts in the city, believes Ramadoss. With his statement, the government will soon take stringent measures against smoking at all public places — bars, restaurants, offices and hotels or any place where there is an employee.

Even smoking at home in the presence of your spouse or domestic help might invite action from the government! Amitabh Bachchan is possibly the most famous non-smoker in the world and his son Abhishek, too, has stubbed out the nicotine stick (or Cuban cigar) in favour of a healthier lifestyle. India is the third-largest producer of tobacco leaves in the world, after China and Brazil.

Ninety-five billion cigarettes and 850 billion beedis are produced in India every year giving rise to millions of cancer patients. Ramadoss’s statement has generated a lot of heat amongst smokers and non-smokers across the city. Presenting some of the reactions:

Abhishek Bachchan, Actor — If you tell the youth today that cigarettes are bad, that's not enough. They need an explanation. My eight-year-old niece has an opinion on things. She wants to know why. For that matter, me too. I just won’t take your word for it. There should be restrictions in moderation otherwise we wouldn’t be a democracy or a free world. I can understand banning smoking in public places — it’s justifiable, but it’s pushing it a bit too far by not allowing one to smoke in one’s house or take consent for the same from people around you.

Nikhil Daswani, Businessman — It’s high time they did that. Passive smoking is killing non-smokers and I think the move is justified for health reasons. Passive smoking is killing innocent people across the world and as courtesy to your loved ones, one should smoke in open areas where their health is not at stake. Anjori Alagh, Actress — I think more than smoking they should ban drinking! There are more deaths in the world due to that.

Nirmal Zaveri, Jeweller — It’s absolutely absurd! Nowhere in the world can they do this. Everywhere else you can smoke in your house and cigar designated areas like cigar lounges at airports etc. I don’t think this law can come into force.

Rahul Akerkar, Restaurateur — Is there such a law? Everybody has a right to do what they want. I am not going tell my employees what to do — they are all adults. Though I will abide by the law when it comes into force.

Vipul Shah, Filmmaker — It’s ridiculous! According to me, it’s a big joke and this is going to go nowhere. Imagine your maid complaining against you to the government! We keep on adding more responsibilities to our society without fulfilling one-tenth of what is already there. There are so many unsolved problems in our country and a new one has surfaced. This is the silliest of all!


online available at- http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Bombay_Times/Stubbed_out_for_life_/articleshow/2244387.cms